Nihat Kaygusuz

Disadvantages of Wars

War is an armed conflict between two or more groups which attack each other. Although the meaning of wars has changed, the importance of wars hasn’t changed. The wars have many disadvantages for people, such as, economic depression, environmental problems and conflict in social structure.

One of the main disadvantages of wars is economic depression. Cost of wars is very high because guns and war machines are very expensive. During the war a lot of guns and war machines are used and many of them are broken. Also, the city, which is in war, gets big damage. For instance, many buildings are destroyed by bombs. Not only cost of war is important but also lack of economic improvement is very important. Production and investment dramatically decrease. Thus, the trade of country, such as foreign trade and domestic trade, get nearly stopped.

A second disadvantage of wars is environmental problems.  Many war machines are used in war. War machines also harm trees, animals and others. A lot of animals and people are died, so scattered bodies will be in everywhere such as near drinking water sources. After people drunk this water, they most probably are infected by epidemic disasters such as Phthisis and Yellowness.

The final disadvantage of wars is conflict in social structure. While war is lasting, the democracy gets weak. People have limited freedom. Military juntas are very harmful for democracy. Also military junta damages human rights. Moreover, some social services become slower. For example, education gets very important damage at school and family. Wars result in lack of basic needs.

In conclusion, wars make economy weaker, environment dirtier and social structure poorer. A war has many disadvantages, but in the history many wars were made by a lot of countries. In contrast, many wars are lasting at present. In my opinion, if we don’t understand meaning of peace, these wars will last in the future.

Military Service

Once there were lots of wars for conquering places and rulling the world.Now there are wars for diplomatic power and terrorism. In all of these wars most of the soldiers are died or arrested.Doing military service is now becomes a serious diccussion because the logic of war is changed. Although it is claimed  that people should do military  service only if they want to,it is clear that all of  men should do military service because it enhances pepople’s life quality, it is a deterrent power for countries and its a debt for nation.

It has been asserted that people are being apart from their families and do not have social life while doing military service.In some situations soldiers are not be able to see their families for about two years. It is also claimed that educated people loose their abilities about their career.It is further argued that it is too hard to be a soldier where the climate is too harsh.However, people can be apart from their families not only because of military service,but also because of working and education in other cities or countries.Moreover,there are night clubs,guest houses,resting places for soldiers to socialize and entertain. Furthermore, while doing military service they still do their jobs. The only differance is they do it for army. Also people’s who are graduated from collages military service is six months which less then who does not.What is more  As claimed by Con******ion in Turkey people who did not finish their education can postpone their service until they finish their school(nd.). In addition, there are lots of people who live in places with harsh climate so it should not be an excuse.

The most important reason for doing military service is that enhances life quality.In army people who do not know writing and reading are educated and most of soldiers learn how to do some works so they are able to find jobs after they finish their military service becuse they are qualified enough. What is more, for some people military service becomes a job. Besides that in Turkey employers usually prefer men who have done their military service. Moreover soldiers face some difficulties which make them wiser and more mature.Furhermore , as young people finish military service they are comprehend of their responsibiilities,they become an adult.As stated in “Qualities For Life”,although people’s training are changed,there is one thing that is the same:military service effects character constantly and strongly.(nd.)Also people in the armies always have to obey the  rules and have to be respectful to their commanders that makes people behaved the same after they finish their service.

Another important reason for doing military service is that armies are deterrent powers  for the enemies.for example if  a country has a powerful  big army its enemies think twice to attack that country. For example because of Turkey has a big army most countries abstain to declare war.

The last  reason for why people should do military service that it is a debt for nation.In Independence War all Turkish people fought for independence of their children.Moreover, Article 72 of the Turkish Constitution states that “Military service is the right and duty of every Turk.”(Turkey/Military Service,nd.)Today if men want to know that their family in safe and live independent they should protect their family so they should do military service,then men can feel complacent.

In conclusion,people should do military service since someone has to protect our country,it is a preparation for life and it makes people feel tranquil because they know that their families are in safe.So do your military service,save your life and country.

Desertification

Today in many countries lands are becoming into deserts,and due to the conditions in the world soon we will not be able to take it backThere are two main causes of desertification,one is human activities and the other is climatic variations.

The first and the most important cause of desertification is human activities.Earlier desertification  was only a natural formation but day by day humans are becoming responsible for it  because of land mismanagements.Because of overgrazing, plants are eaten by mammals before they grow and multiply,then lands become arid.Also field destructions cause desertification.For example, destruction of agricultural fields makes the fields defenceless.Then wind blow away the surface and there is nothing left.Moreover,overcultivation of crops causes decrease in nutriens in soil,so it leads to desertification by declining soil fertility.Furthermore,deforestation reduces the protection of soil and because of rainforest destructions there is not enough water, the surface of soil becomes arid that leads to desertification.

The other cause of desertification is climatic variations.Due to global warming the climate changes,weather becomes warmer,so does the soil.Hot and dry weather causes drought,that is harmful for crops and valuable plants.The reduce in plants causes desertlike conditions.Also it is not possible to renovate the lost soil fertility which is caused by erosion so these areas can be counted as deserts.

Not only the causes;but  also the effects of desertification are very important. Main effects of desertification are environmental changes and changes in human life.

Firstly,environment is affected by desertification.As Steele says that “Desertification is threatening the world’s food supply due to the continued decrease in arable land”(1997,para1).As well as erosion leads to desertification, also is an effect of it in long terms. According to “Scientific Facts on Desertification”,There is a big distance between some influenced places and deserted places,evolution of aerosols and particles in air are enlarged by desertification and these affects ecological and living biodiversity.(Gren Facts,2005)

Secondly,humans are affected by desertification as they are responsible for it.” the greatest environmental challenge of our times” states that the existance and occupations of a huge amount of human beings are menaced and nearly 100 to 200 million persons are influenced now by desertification which is appeared as an ecological crisis of worldwide balances.(McGrath,2007,para5).It also leads to health problems, immigration to more productive areas,starvation and shortage.

In conclusion,desertification is a global problem which is getting bigger and if we do not do something about it in the end the whole world will be full of deserts.

Sakıp Sabancı Kandilli Eğitim ve Kültür Merkezi – Adile Sultan Sarayı, Lütfi Kırdar’ın da işletmecisi olan UKTAŞ’ın ev sahipliğinde 28 Haziran 2006 günü gerçekleşen görkemli bir törenle açılmıştır.

Adile Sultan Sarayı, Adile Sultan tarafından ölümünden önce, 1899’da kız okulu olması isteği ile Milli Eğitim’e bağışlandı. Daha sonra Kandilli Kız Lisesi olarak kullanıldığı dönemde 1986 yılında geçirdiği büyük yangın sonrasında, değerli işadamı merhum Sakıp Sabancı’nın bağışı ile restore ettirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, İstanbul Valiliği, merhum Sakıp Sabancı, Sabancı Vakfı ve Kandilli Kız Lisesi Eğitim ve Kültür Vakfı (KANKEV) ’in desteklerini bir araya getirmeleri ile yeniden hayat bulan Adile Sultan Sarayı, “Sakıp Sabancı Kandilli Eğitim ve Kültür Merkezi – Adile Sultan Sarayı” adı ile hizmet vermektedir.

Boğaz manzarasına hakim, altın varak işlemeli, yüksek tavanlı salonlar yer alıyor.Adile Sultan Saray’ının mimarı Sarkis Balyan 1831-1899 yıllar arasında yaşamıştır.

Adile Sultan Kimdir?

Adile Sultan, Osmanlı padişahlarının otuzuncusu olan II.Mahmud’un kızıdır. 01 Haziran 1826 tarihinde Topkapı Sarayı’nda doğan Adile Sultan’ın annesi Zernigar Sultan’dır.