Nihat Kaygusuz

Scıence has gradually been improving so rapidly for eras.More than one hundred experiments are conducted by groups of scıentısts every year and the overwhelmıng majorıty of them attains successful consequences.However some of scıentıfıc tests are sometımes exposed to heavy crıtıcısım because of some culturel,social and relıgious values or ıdeologıcal approaches.The study of clonıng ıs one of the scıentıfıc tests whıch are harshly crıtıcızed by some of the publıc.Opponents of clonıng tests argue that clonıng experıments can bear traumatıc outcomes for humanıty.however,ın my opinion,clonıng test can be benefıcal for human beıngs ın terms of new ways of treatments for lıfe-treatıng and ıncurable dıseases.

It can be argued that studies of clonıng of can be dangerous ın wrong hands.malacoıus people can aım at creatıng an army whıch ıs consıst of powerful cloned soldıers.as an example,Stalın who was the leader of the former sovıet unıon used to practıse experıments so as to create human-monkey soldıers by usıng reproductıon tecnıques whıch are the maın step of clonıng methods durıng second world war.this experıment became unsuccessful but a host of innocent Turkısh people got kılled durıng thıs studıes.however everythıng good can be mıssused by bad people.the classıc case of thıs is dıscovery of atom whıch ıs the smallest part of an element.atom ıs used to ınvent weapons of mass destructıon and to treat people who are serıously ıll.by agency of the tecnıques whıch ıs based on atom molecules, a great deal of people can recover from lıfe treatıng aılments.ıt ıs markedly seen that avoıdance from ınvestıgatıng only harm us.ıt ıs not the way to prevent vıcıous people from damagıng the pure.

Another argument ıs that clonıng tests can cause the subjects genetıc dısorders.as a result of thıs experıment,the ındıvıduals who are not healthy due to the genetıc dısorders can be created.the subjects suffer from varıous ıllness unneccesarıly.thıs sıtuatıon ıs far from beıng humane.even ıt must be accepted as a crıme due to the fact that a person ıs injured conscıously.however today there ıs a huge number of dısabled people and ıs not a way of treatment for them.on account of clonıng tecnıques,dead cells can be made alıve so that dısability whose one of causes ıs dead cells wıll not be an ıncurable dısease and genetıc order can be changed for ınnate dısabled patıents who suffer from dısabılıty stem from genetıc disorders.that ıs clonıng tests are a chance for many ill people.

ıt can be concluded that scıentıfıc experıments are generally become successful so possıbılıty of failure cannot be a deterrent to us for leavıng examınatıon.besıdes ıt ıs a truısm to say that scıentıfıc fınds can be used for wrongly by malıcıous poeple but taken ınto consıderatıon theır benefıcıal aspects for human ıt ıs clearly seen that ıt ıs the only way to contunıe exıstence of human.

Thanks Fatma for her essay.

In recent years, online shopping has spread very quickly and became popular in the world .According to research conducted , the number of regular online shoppers in Europe has reached 50 million. Actually, this number confirms its popularity. There are loyal customers who always prefer to shop online and they have some common traits. For instance, they do not have enough time to go shopping or they do not like wasting lots of time in a shopping center. Online shopping has a reputation for being easy, comfortable and sometimes offers more appropriate prices. Despite providing many opportunities for the customers, online shopping may have some drawbacks, too.

The majority of the people prefer this way of shopping due to lack of time or an availability of the stores. With the help of online shopping, it is easy to reach to products of any brand in seconds. For instance, some people tend to wear fashionable or brand name clothes. However, they may not have an access to such products if their town does not have their favourite store. On the other hand, they can easily find online whatever they want. Similarly, through online shopping, consumers can follow the trends of some international brands such as, Levi’s and Adidas. Another advantage is that people can purchase not only clothes but also travel/concert/theater tickets, electrical goods and home machines without going out for shopping.

There are some problems with online shopping, though. For instance, some websites do not include enough information about a product; such as detailed prices. Another problem is that consumers may not receive the product on time, or even in the right colour. Then, when the product arrives, consumers feel disappointed as it does not fulfill his/her expectations. Another problem is safety. It is difficult for people to trust a certain website, if they are not familiar with that site or if they faced a security problem there. For example, if there are a lot of complaints about an internet site, other customers are influenced negatively. Being under the influence of these unhappy customers, most people avoid purchasing goods this way. However, if the majority of the online shoppers are satisfied with the service provided, they will tend to choose those internet sites. Therefore, it is important for companies to keep a good quality service.

As it is seen, with the help of technology, which brings people from many different part of the world together, shopping is much easier and comfortable, as long as it secure and of good quality.

Thanks Huseyin for this essay.

Disadvantages of Wars

War is an armed conflict between two or more groups which attack each other. Although the meaning of wars has changed, the importance of wars hasn’t changed. The wars have many disadvantages for people, such as, economic depression, environmental problems and conflict in social structure.

One of the main disadvantages of wars is economic depression. Cost of wars is very high because guns and war machines are very expensive. During the war a lot of guns and war machines are used and many of them are broken. Also, the city, which is in war, gets big damage. For instance, many buildings are destroyed by bombs. Not only cost of war is important but also lack of economic improvement is very important. Productions and investments dramatically decrease. Thus, the trade of country, such as foreign trade and domestic trade, get nearly stopped.

A second disadvantage of wars is environmental problems.  Many war machines are used in war. War machines also harm trees, animals and others. A lot of animals and people are died, so scattered bodies will be in everywhere such as near drinking water sources. After someone drunk this water, he/she most probably are infected by epidemic disasters such as Phthisis and Yellowness.

The final disadvantage of wars is conflict in social structure. While war is lasting, the democracy gets weak. People have limited freedom. Military juntas are very harmful for democracy. Also military junta damages human rights. Moreover, some social services become slower. For example, education gets very important damage at school and family. Wars result in lack of basic needs.

In conclusion, wars make economy weaker, environment dirtier and social structure poorer. A war has many disadvantages, but in the history many wars were made by a lot of countries. In contrast, many wars are lasting at present. In my opinion, if we don’t understand meaning of peace, these wars will last in the future.

Military Service

Once there were lots of wars for conquering places and rulling the world.Now there are wars for diplomatic power and terrorism. In all of these wars most of the soldiers are died or arrested.Doing military service is now becomes a serious diccussion because the logic of war is changed. Although it is claimed  that people should do military  service only if they want to,it is clear that all of  men should do military service because it enhances pepople’s life quality, it is a deterrent power for countries and its a debt for nation.

It has been asserted that people are being apart from their families and do not have social life while doing military service.In some situations soldiers are not be able to see their families for about two years. It is also claimed that educated people loose their abilities about their career.It is further argued that it is too hard to be a soldier where the climate is too harsh.However, people can be apart from their families not only because of military service,but also because of working and education in other cities or countries.Moreover,there are night clubs,guest houses,resting places for soldiers to socialize and entertain. Furthermore, while doing military service they still do their jobs. The only differance is they do it for army. Also people’s who are graduated from collages military service is six months which less then who does not.What is more  As claimed by Con******ion in Turkey people who did not finish their education can postpone their service until they finish their school(nd.). In addition, there are lots of people who live in places with harsh climate so it should not be an excuse.

The most important reason for doing military service is that enhances life quality.In army people who do not know writing and reading are educated and most of soldiers learn how to do some works so they are able to find jobs after they finish their military service becuse they are qualified enough. What is more, for some people military service becomes a job. Besides that in Turkey employers usually prefer men who have done their military service. Moreover soldiers face some difficulties which make them wiser and more mature.Furhermore , as young people finish military service they are comprehend of their responsibiilities,they become an adult.As stated in “Qualities For Life”,although people’s training are changed,there is one thing that is the same:military service effects character constantly and strongly.(nd.)Also people in the armies always have to obey the  rules and have to be respectful to their commanders that makes people behaved the same after they finish their service.

Another important reason for doing military service is that armies are deterrent powers  for the enemies.for example if  a country has a powerful  big army its enemies think twice to attack that country. For example because of Turkey has a big army most countries abstain to declare war.

The last  reason for why people should do military service that it is a debt for nation.In Independence War all Turkish people fought for independence of their children.Moreover, Article 72 of the Turkish Constitution states that “Military service is the right and duty of every Turk.”(Turkey/Military Service,nd.)Today if men want to know that their family in safe and live independent they should protect their family so they should do military service,then men can feel complacent.

In conclusion,people should do military service since someone has to protect our country,it is a preparation for life and it makes people feel tranquil because they know that their families are in safe.So do your military service,save your life and country.